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Impact of School-Based Interventions on Pediatric Obesity: A Systematic Review

Dhadon H Klein1,2, Iman Mohamoud2, Olawale O Olanisa2

  • 1Internal Medicine, Saint James School of Medicine, Park Ridge, USA.

Cureus
|September 11, 2023
PubMed

Insights

School interventions combining physical activity and nutrition are most effective for reducing childhood obesity. These programs improve cardiovascular health and promote lasting behavioral changes in students.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Pediatrics
  • Nutrition Science

Background:

  • Childhood obesity is a growing global health issue with long-term consequences.
  • Increasing prevalence necessitates effective public health strategies.
  • School-aged children are a key demographic for intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and evaluate school-based interventions for pediatric obesity reduction.
  • To identify the most effective components of these interventions.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review following PRISMA 2020 guidelines.
  • Searches conducted on Google Scholar, PubMed, and Cochrane databases.
  • Inclusion of 27 studies after rigorous screening and quality assessment.

Main Results:

  • Physical activity interventions show benefits for obesity and cardiovascular health.
  • Nutritional changes alone are more effective than physical activity alone.
  • Combined physical activity and nutritional interventions yield the greatest benefits.
  • Motivation, self-efficacy, and behavioral changes are crucial for sustained improvements.

Conclusions:

  • Schools should implement integrated physical activity and nutrition programs.
  • A blended approach is recommended for preventing, reducing, and managing childhood obesity.
  • These interventions support overall child health and well-being.

Keywords:
behavioral changemotivationnutritional changepediatric obesityphysical activityschool-based interventions

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