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Ethers from Alkenes: Alcohol Addition and Alkoxymercuration-Demercuration02:35

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Ethers can also be prepared from alkenes through acid-catalyzed addition of alcohols and alkoxymercuration–demercuration.
Preparation of Ethers by Acid-Catalyzed Addition of Alcohol to Alkenes
The acid-catalyzed addition of alcohol to an alkene involves treating the alkene with an excess of alcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst to form an ether under suitable conditions. The hydrogen will add to the less substituted carbon so that the nucleophile can attack the more...
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In an organic molecule, free rotation about the carbon-carbon single bond results in energetically different conformers of the molecule. Due to this rotation, called the internal rotation, ethane has two major conformations — staggered and eclipsed.
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Alkenes undergo reduction by the addition of molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. Because the process generally occurs in the presence of a transition-metal catalyst, the reaction is called catalytic hydrogenation.
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The conversion of alkenes to macromolecules called polymers is a reaction of high commercial importance. The structure of the polymer is defined by a repeating unit, while the terminal groups are considered insignificant. The average degree of polymerization represents the number of repeating units in the polymer molecule and is denoted by the subscript n.
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Direct Conversion of Methane to Propylene.

Yunpeng Hou1,2, Yuxiang Lan1,2, Chao Qian1,2

  • 1College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, Zhejiang University, 310027 Hangzhou, P. R. China.

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|September 11, 2023
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel catalyst for converting methane into valuable hydrocarbons like ethylene and propylene. The graphitic carbon nitride-supported phthalocyanine catalyst efficiently produces olefins at 350 °C.

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Area of Science:

  • Catalysis
  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Nonoxidative coupling of methane (NOCM) offers a pathway to valuable hydrocarbons and hydrogen.
  • Direct, selective conversion of methane to olefins remains a significant challenge in catalysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel catalyst for the selective conversion of methane to ethylene and propylene.
  • To investigate the catalytic performance and active sites for methane-to-olefins conversion.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of a catalyst featuring well-dispersed tantalum (Ta) atoms anchored by graphitic carbon nitride (C3N4)-supported phthalocyanine.
  • Characterization of the catalyst's structure and active sites.
  • Evaluation of catalytic performance in methane conversion at 350 °C.

Main Results:

  • The developed catalyst selectively converts methane to ethylene and propylene.
  • Efficient olefin production was achieved at a relatively low temperature of 350 °C.
  • The study elucidates the catalyst's active center and the origins of its performance.

Conclusions:

  • The graphitic C3N4-supported phthalocyanine catalyst demonstrates high selectivity for methane conversion to olefins.
  • This catalyst represents a promising advancement in nonoxidative coupling of methane for producing value-added hydrocarbons.