Comparative Evaluation of Two Implant Designs Based on Bone Loss and Stability with Early Loading Method

Area of Science:

• Dental Implantology
• Biomaterials Science
• Oral Surgery

Background:

• Partial tooth loss in the posterior mandibular arch necessitates effective dental implant solutions.
• Assessing implant stability and bone loss is crucial for long-term treatment success.
• Diverse implant designs may influence clinical outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare implant bone loss and stability between two distinct dental implant designs.
• To evaluate the performance of flared crest module/buttress thread versus parallel crest module/V-shaped thread designs.
• To analyze implant outcomes at early (eight weeks) and later (eight months) time points.

Main Methods:

• A total of 30 patients with partial posterior mandibular tooth loss were divided into two groups (n=15 each).
• Group I featured flared crest module and buttress thread designs; Group II had parallel crest module and V-shaped thread designs.
• Implant stability was measured using the Osstell device (Implant Stability Quotient - ISQ) at baseline, 8 weeks, 4 months, and 8 months.
• Crestal bone loss was quantified from intraoral periapical radiographs using ImageJ software at 8 weeks, 4 months, and 8 months.

Main Results:

• Group I demonstrated statistically significant higher ISQ values across all measurement points compared to Group II.
• Group I exhibited significantly less crestal bone loss at 8 weeks, 4 months, and 8 months compared to Group II.
• Group II showed considerable bone loss, particularly at the eight-month follow-up.

Conclusions:

• The flared crest module and buttress thread implant design (Group I) offers enhanced implant stability and reduced bone loss.
• This implant design may provide a more predictable outcome for patients with partial posterior mandibular tooth loss.
• Clinical recommendations favor the Group I design for improved long-term dental implant success.