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Opioid-Based vs Opioid-Free Anesthesia in Breast Cancer Surgery.
Shraddha Naik1, Avinash Bhosale1, Dhanashree Kale1
1Department of Anaesthesiology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Krishna Vishwa Vidyapeeth, (Deemed to be University), Karad, Maharashtra, India.
Journal of Pharmacy & Bioallied Sciences
|September 11, 2023
Summary
Opioid-free anesthesia is more effective for breast cancer surgeries, reducing postoperative nausea, vomiting, and side effects compared to opioid-based anesthesia. This approach also ensures more stable hemodynamics during recovery.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Anesthesiology
- Surgical Oncology
Background:
- Breast cancer is a leading malignancy in Indian women, necessitating surgical interventions like Modified Radical Mastectomy (MRM).
- MRM is associated with significant postoperative complications, including nausea, vomiting (PONV), and pain, impacting patient recovery.
- Current anesthetic techniques often involve opioids, which can exacerbate side effects and complicate patient management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy of opioid-free anesthesia (OFA) versus opioid-based general anesthesia (GA) in breast cancer surgery.
- To compare the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) between OFA and opioid-based GA.
- To assess hemodynamic stability and the occurrence of side effects in patients undergoing breast cancer surgery under different anesthetic regimens.
Main Methods:
- The study obtained ethical committee approval and informed consent from all participating patients.
- Patients undergoing breast cancer surgeries were administered either opioid-free anesthesia or opioid-based general anesthesia.
- Key outcomes measured included PONV incidence, hemodynamic parameters (blood pressure), waiting time for pain medication, and adverse effects.
Main Results:
- Opioid-free anesthesia demonstrated superior effectiveness in reducing the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV).
- Patients receiving OFA experienced more stable hemodynamics throughout the perioperative period.
- The incidence of side effects was notably reduced in the opioid-free anesthesia group compared to the opioid-based group.
Conclusions:
- Opioid-free anesthesia is a more effective anesthetic strategy for breast cancer surgeries.
- OFA offers significant benefits by minimizing PONV and side effects, alongside promoting hemodynamic stability.
- This approach represents a favorable alternative to traditional opioid-based anesthesia in oncological breast surgery.
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