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A Psychophysics Paradigm for the Collection and Analysis of Similarity Judgments
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Gaze differences in configural and elemental evaluation during multi-attribute decision-making.

Juliette Ryan-Lortie1, Gabriel Pelletier1, Matthew Pilgrim2

  • 1Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Frontiers in Neuroscience
|September 11, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We found distinct eye movement patterns and decision-making behaviors when people evaluate multi-attribute options elementally versus holistically. These findings support separate cognitive processes for elemental and configural value integration in decision-making.

Keywords:
attentioneye-trackingneuroeconomicssequential sampling modelsvalue

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive psychology
  • Neuroeconomics
  • Decision science

Background:

  • Everyday choices often involve multi-attribute options, yet the integration processes remain unclear.
  • Research suggests elemental (attribute-by-attribute) and configural (holistic) evaluation modes with distinct neural underpinnings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate behavioral and gaze pattern differences between elemental and configural evaluation of multi-attribute options.
  • To determine if value integration occurs elementally or holistically.

Main Methods:

  • Thirty-nine participants made choices between multi-attribute objects (fribbles) with values learned elementally or configurally.
  • Eye movements were tracked to record reaction time, gaze patterns, and choice transitions.

Main Results:

  • Elemental trials showed longer reaction times and more between-option gaze transitions.
  • Configural trials exhibited more within-option gaze transitions.
  • The last gaze fixation significantly influenced choice more in the configural condition.

Conclusions:

  • Gaze patterns and choice behavior differ based on whether multi-attribute values are processed elementally or configurally.
  • This supports distinct cognitive mechanisms for elemental and configural value integration.
  • Findings are relevant for neuroeconomics research involving complex visual stimuli.