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Enhancing management of agitation after traumatic brain injury: Psychiatric perspectives and quantitative assessments
Inder D Kalra1, Thomas K Watanabe2
1Department of Psychiatry, Einstein Healthcare Network, Elkins Park, PA, USA.
Background:
Post-traumatic agitation is a common and problematic complication after traumatic brain injury. It may present with features consistent with psychiatric disorders, which may provide clues as to management.
Objective:
This is a narrative review of pertinent literature and a description of a collaborative clinical approach utilizing psychiatric and brain injury rehabilitation strategies to optimize outcomes in the management of post-traumatic agitation.
Methods:
Describe and provide evidence for a transdisciplinary clinical approach supported by existing literature and clinical experience.
Results:
Given the heterogeneity of the problem and limitations in the current literature there is no standardized approach to manage post-traumatic agitation; nevertheless, a strategy is proposed that clinicians may utilize to guide treatment and assess efficacy of the chosen intervention(s).
Conclusion:
A clinical approach that uses quantitative assessment of targeted behavior to objectively evaluate pharmacological interventions that are generated by a collaborative approach may yield improved outcomes for managing post-traumatic agitation.
