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An Inverse-Designed Nanophotonic Interface for Excitons in Atomically Thin Materials.

Ryan J Gelly, Alexander D White1, Giovanni Scuri1

  • 1Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States.

Nano Letters
|September 11, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) enables a new nanophotonic platform for integrating 2D materials, enhancing their optical quality and enabling advanced quantum and nonlinear optics applications.

Keywords:
2D materialsintegrated photonicsinverse designnanophotonicsoptical cavity

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Area of Science:

  • Nanophotonics
  • 2D Materials Science
  • Quantum Optics

Background:

  • Efficient nanophotonic devices are crucial for quantum networking, optical processing, sensing, and nonlinear optics.
  • Integrating two-dimensional (2D) materials into photonic structures faces challenges in size and material quality.
  • Hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) is a key material for encapsulating 2D materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a complete nanophotonic platform for interfacing with optically active 2D materials.
  • To utilize hBN as a waveguiding layer that simultaneously enhances the optical quality of embedded films.
  • To enable efficient coupling and detection of excitons in 2D materials.

Main Methods:

  • Employing hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) as a waveguiding layer.
  • Integrating hBN with photonic inverse design for a comprehensive platform.
  • Utilizing grating couplers, low-loss waveguides, tunable cavities, and metasurfaces.
  • Leveraging Purcell enhancement for exciton-photon coupling with transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) monolayers.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated a nanophotonic platform using hBN for improved 2D material integration.
  • Achieved efficient optical interfacing and routing via grating couplers and waveguides.
  • Enabled strong exciton-photon coupling in TMD monolayers using tunable cavities.
  • Showcased metasurfaces for efficient detection of TMD dark excitons.

Conclusions:

  • This work presents a versatile nanophotonic platform for advanced 2D material integration.
  • The developed platform facilitates classical and quantum nonlinear optics applications.
  • It paves the way for novel nanophotonic structures with enhanced optical properties.