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Related Experiment Video

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Generation of Transgenic Hydra by Embryo Microinjection

Generation of Transgenic Hydra by Embryo Microinjection

Published on: September 11, 2014

Universal calcium fluctuations inHydramorphogenesis.

Oded Agam¹, Erez Braun²

¹The Racah Institute of Physics, Edmond J. Safra Campus, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel.

Physical Biology

|September 11, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Calcium (Ca²⁺) spatial fluctuations during Hydra regeneration show universal properties. Modulating Ca²⁺ activity with electric fields or heptanol reversibly halts regeneration, highlighting its role in morphogenesis.

Keywords:

Hydra regeneration bistability morphogenesis universal calcium fluctuations

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Area of Science:

Developmental Biology
Biophysics
Cellular Biology

Background:

Morphological transitions in animal development are driven by collective physical processes.
Calcium (Ca²⁺) is a key signaling molecule involved in morphogenesis.
Understanding the role of Ca²⁺ in regeneration is crucial for developmental biology.

Purpose of the Study:

To characterize the universal properties of Ca²⁺ spatial fluctuations during *Hydra* regeneration.
To investigate the influence of external electric fields and gap junction blockers on Ca²⁺ activity and regeneration.
To develop a theoretical model explaining the observed Ca²⁺ dynamics.

Main Methods:

Experimental manipulation of Ca²⁺ activity using external electric fields and heptanol.
Quantitative analysis of Ca²⁺ spatial fluctuations and their statistical characteristics.
Development of a field-theoretic model based on a tilted double-well potential.

Main Results:

Ca²⁺ spatial fluctuations during *Hydra* regeneration exhibit universal characteristics.
External electric fields enhance Ca²⁺ activity and spatial correlations, while heptanol inhibits them.
Statistical properties of Ca²⁺ fluctuations show universal distributions, and the tissue operates near bistability.

Conclusions:

The Ca²⁺ field plays a prominent role in *Hydra* morphogenesis and regeneration.
Ca²⁺ activity is spatially localized, with *Hydra* tissue operating near the onset of bistability.
These findings provide insights into the mechanisms of robust morphological transitions in development.