Effect of chronic disease on racial difference in COVID-19-associated hospitalization among cancer patients

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Xiao-Cheng Wu1, Qingzhao Yu2, Yong Yi1

  • 1Louisiana Tumor Registry, Epidemiology Program, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University (LSU) Health, New Orleans, LA, USA.

Journal of the National Cancer Institute
|September 12, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Chronic diseases significantly contribute to higher COVID-19 hospitalization rates in Black cancer patients compared to White cancer patients. Hypertension, diabetes, and renal disease were key factors driving this racial disparity.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Racial disparities in COVID-19 hospitalization exist among cancer patients.
  • The specific impact of chronic diseases on these disparities is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the role of chronic diseases in racial disparities in COVID-19 hospitalization among cancer patients.
  • To identify specific chronic diseases contributing to these disparities.

Main Methods:

  • Linked cancer registry data with COVID-19 and hospital discharge data.
  • Utilized multivariable logistic regression and mediation analysis.
  • Assessed the impact of the number and type of chronic diseases.

Main Results:

  • Non-Hispanic Black cancer patients had higher chronic disease prevalence and COVID-19 hospitalization rates.
  • Chronic diseases explained 37.8% of the racial disparity in hospitalization.
  • Hypertension, diabetes, and chronic renal disease were the top contributing chronic diseases.

Conclusions:

  • Chronic diseases substantially drive racial disparities in COVID-19 hospitalization among cancer patients.
  • Targeted interventions addressing hypertension, diabetes, and renal disease are crucial.
  • Understanding root causes is vital for reducing health inequities.
Abstract

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