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Development programming: Stress during gestation alters offspring development in sheep.

Mingji Wei1,2, Qian Gao2, Junjun Liu3

  • 1College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.

Reproduction in Domestic Animals = Zuchthygiene
|September 12, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Prenatal maternal stress (PMS) in sheep negatively impacts offspring development, affecting birth weight, behavior, and brain structure. These effects can persist into adulthood and subsequent generations.

Keywords:
prenatal maternal stressprogramming effectssheep phenotypes

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive biology
  • Developmental neuroscience
  • Animal behavior

Background:

  • Maternal stress during pregnancy can induce lasting changes in offspring.
  • Inappropriate animal management practices are a source of prenatal stress.
  • Prenatal maternal stress (PMS) programming effects can impact multiple generations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the effects of PMS on sheep offspring phenotypes.
  • To identify mediators between PMS and offspring programming.
  • To summarize findings from various experimental paradigms of PMS.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of studies using artificially increased maternal glucocorticoid levels.
  • Analysis of studies employing prenatal physiological stress paradigms in sheep.
  • Examination of mediators and offspring phenotypes associated with PMS.

Main Results:

  • PMS impairs offspring birth weight and alters hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis development.
  • Prenatal stress modifies offspring behavior, cognitive abilities, gene expression, and brain morphology.
  • Observed effects can extend into adulthood and affect subsequent generations.

Conclusions:

  • Prenatal maternal stress significantly impacts offspring development and programming in sheep.
  • Further research is needed on gene expression, immune function, gut microbiome, and sex-specific effects.
  • Investigating treatment strategies to reverse detrimental programming effects is crucial.