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Increased STAT3 Activation in Periodontitis Drives Inflammatory Bone Loss.

M Arce1,2, M Rodriguez-Peña2, J Espinoza-Arrue2

  • 1Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.

Journal of Dental Research
|September 12, 2023
PubMed
Summary

STAT3 activation increases in epithelial and T cells during periodontitis, contributing to inflammatory alveolar bone loss. Inhibiting STAT3 reduces bone destruction in experimental periodontitis models.

Keywords:
gingivainflammationmouth mucosamucosal immunityperiodontal diseasessignal transduction

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Oral Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Periodontitis is a prevalent inflammatory disease causing periodontal tissue destruction.
  • Cytokines like IL-6 and IL-23 mediate tissue destruction via the STAT3 signaling pathway.
  • STAT3 is crucial for IL-17A production, a key mediator in periodontitis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize STAT3 activation in human gingival tissues during periodontitis.
  • To investigate the role of STAT3 in periodontitis-associated alveolar bone loss.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study of human gingival tissues.
  • Analysis of STAT3 phosphorylation and gene expression in experimental periodontitis.
  • Evaluation of alveolar bone loss in STAT3 loss-of-function mice and pharmacologic inhibition models.

Main Results:

  • Increased pSTAT3-positive cells, particularly in epithelial and T cells, were observed in periodontitis tissues.
  • STAT3 phosphorylation and related gene expression were elevated during experimental periodontitis.
  • STAT3 inhibition, genetically or pharmacologically, significantly reduced alveolar bone loss in periodontitis models.

Conclusions:

  • STAT3 activation is heightened in specific cell types during periodontitis.
  • STAT3 plays a pathogenic role in inflammatory alveolar bone loss associated with periodontitis.