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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 16, 2025

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Research Protocol Adaptations During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Process Evaluation.

Mariana Wingood1,2, Amy M Linsky3,4,5, Rebekah Harris1,2

  • 1New England Geriatric Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA.

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|September 12, 2023
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Summary

COVID-19 adaptations successfully transitioned an exercise intervention for Veterans with mobility issues to virtual delivery. The virtual format maintained intervention fidelity and participant engagement without negative impacts.

Keywords:
behavior changeexerciseolder adultstelerehabilitation

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Area of Science:

  • Rehabilitation Science
  • Health Services Research
  • Behavioral Medicine

Background:

  • COVID-19 necessitated rapid adaptation of in-person health interventions to virtual formats.
  • The impact of these adaptations on intervention delivery and outcomes is often unevaluated.
  • Veterans with mobility difficulties require accessible exercise interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a process evaluation of COVID-19 adaptations for a virtual behavior change intervention.
  • To examine the impact of adaptations on reach, recruitment, fidelity, and dose delivered/received.
  • To assess exercise adherence intervention for Veterans with mobility challenges.

Main Methods:

  • Secondary data analysis from a nonrandomized study.
  • Process evaluation of a virtual behavior change intervention.
  • Assessment of reach, recruitment, fidelity, dose delivered (physical therapists), and dose received (participants).

Main Results:

  • Physical therapists delivered 95% of planned intervention sessions.
  • Lowest session delivery dose was 86% for sessions 1 and 10.
  • Lowest dose received elements were exercise journaling and post-intervention planning (86%).
  • 67% of eligible participants received the intervention via adaptations without negative impact on fidelity or dose.

Conclusions:

  • COVID-19 adaptations enabled continued delivery of an exercise intervention to Veterans with mobility difficulties.
  • The virtual format maintained high fidelity and adequate dose delivery and receipt.
  • The study demonstrates the feasibility of adapting behavioral interventions for virtual delivery in this population.