Challenges in Assessing Blood Pressure in Adults Following Intravenous Paracetamol Infusion in the Emergency Room

Background and objective The negligible side effects of paracetamol along with its ease of availability have catapulted paracetamol to be a widely used medication in emergency room management to reduce pain and subsequent elevations in blood pressure (BP). Our study aimed to address the challenges in informed clinical decision-making in the emergency room following paracetamol intravenous infusion. Methods This was a retrospective cross-sectional study involving the extraction of data from electronic medical records of patients who received intravenous paracetamol infusion between January 2022 and May 2022. Demographic information and BP-related data were collected for analysis. Results We initially considered a total of 162 patient records, with 132 of them eventually meeting the inclusion criteria. Among patients receiving paracetamol infusion for 15 minutes or less, 34% showed a drop of 1-5 mmHg in systolic BP (SBP), while 26% experienced a drop of 6-10 mmHg. However, infusion time longer than 16 minutes did not significantly reduce SBP. Diastolic BP (DBP) was not significantly affected by the duration of the paracetamol infusion. Analysis of the drop in SBP revealed no significant associations with age, gender, or ethnicity. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) was not significantly affected by the duration of paracetamol infusion. Conclusion Our findings suggest that intravenous paracetamol infusion does not significantly lower BP in adults in the emergency room, except for infusions of shorter durations. However, various factors, including infusion rate, patient characteristics, and concomitant medications, may influence BP measurements. The study emphasizes the need for establishing standardized criteria and conducting further research to assess intravenous paracetamol's hemodynamic effects accurately.