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Development of an ontology to characterize mental functioning.

Maryanne J Sacco1, Guy Divita1, Elizabeth Rasch1

  • 1Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Epidemiology and Biostatistics Section, National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA.

Disability and Rehabilitation
|September 13, 2023
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Summary

This study developed a novel ontology for mental functioning, enhancing classification for natural language processing (NLP) tools. This approach supports disability determination and behavioral health research.

Keywords:
clinical informaticsinternational classification of functioning, disability and healthmental functioningmental healthontology

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Area of Science:

  • Ontology development
  • Medical classification systems
  • Natural Language Processing (NLP)

Background:

  • Mental functioning classification is underdeveloped.
  • The International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) provides a framework for conceptualizing functioning.
  • Clinical records contain valuable functional information for NLP applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a conceptual and methodological approach for integrating functional information into an ontology.
  • To categorize mental functioning for improved classification.
  • To support the United States (U.S.) Social Security Administration (SSA) in their use case.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptualizing and defining mental functioning was essential for developing NLP tools.
  • The ICF was used as a framework to conceptualize mental functioning at the activities and participation level.
  • A mental functioning domain ontology was developed by rearranging, reclassifying, and incorporating ICF components.

Main Results:

  • Direct alignment of ICF components into an applied ontology presented conceptual challenges.
  • Rearrangement of ICF components was necessary to adequately support the social security disability determination process.
  • The developed ontology effectively categorizes mental functioning.

Conclusions:

  • The developed ontology provides a robust framework for classifying mental functioning.
  • Findings have implications for future NLP efforts in behavioral health outcomes and policy research.
  • The approach supports disability determination processes.