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Peritoneal Dialysis-Related Recurrent Rhodococcus corynebacterioides Peritonitis: A Case Report and Review of
Maryam Saleem1,2,3, Maryam Maqsood4,5, Hassaan Iftikhar1,2,6
1Nephrology, Ohio Valley Nephrology Associates, Owensboro, USA.
Cureus
|September 14, 2023
Summary
Recurrent peritonitis caused by Rhodococcus corynebacterioides, a Gram-positive bacterium, can occur in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD). This challenging infection may necessitate PD catheter removal and a switch to hemodialysis.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Nephrology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Rhodococcus corynebacterioides is a Gram-positive bacterium occasionally implicated in human infections.
- Peritoneal dialysis (PD)-related peritonitis is a serious complication for patients with end-stage renal disease.
- Reports linking R. corynebacterioides to PD peritonitis are rare.
Observation:
- A case of recurrent peritonitis in a PD patient is presented.
- Infection was confirmed by positive PD fluid cultures growing R. corynebacterioides.
- The patient experienced multiple episodes of peritonitis despite antibiotic treatment.
Findings:
- Rhodococcus corynebacterioides can cause persistent and recurrent PD-related peritonitis.
- Treatment often requires prolonged courses of intraperitoneal antibiotics.
- Management challenges may arise due to the recalcitrant nature of the infection.
Implications:
- This case highlights the importance of considering R. corynebacterioides in refractory PD peritonitis.
- Recurrent infections may lead to PD catheter removal and transition to hemodialysis.
- Further research into optimal treatment strategies for R. corynebacterioides peritonitis is warranted.
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