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Related Concept Videos

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

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An atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) comprises several components: a radiation source, an atomizer, a monochromator, and a detector. The radiation source can be a hollow-cathode lamp (HCL) or an electrodeless-discharge lamp (EDL), both of which provide a narrow emission line of the required wavelength. However, some instruments use continuum sources and high-resolution monochromators to achieve a narrow range of radiation.
The atomizer used in AAS can be either a flame atomizer or an...
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Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:26

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Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the common plasma source used in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), a technique that detects and analyzes various elements in a sample. This method is often called inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
There are three main types of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy  (ICP-AES) instruments: sequential, simultaneous multichannel, and Fourier transform instruments, with the latter being less commonly used....
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UV–Vis Spectrometers01:14

UV–Vis Spectrometers

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The absorbance of UV and visible (UV–visible) radiations is measured using a UV–visible spectrophotometer. Deuterium lamps, which emit UV radiation, and tungsten lamps, which produce radiation in the visible region, are used as light sources in UV–visible spectrophotometers. A monochromator or prism is used for diffraction grating, i.e., to split the incoming radiation into different wavelengths. A system of slits is used to focus the desired wavelength on the sample cell.
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Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Overview01:27

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Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) is a technique used to analyze elements by measuring electromagnetic radiation (EMR) absorbed by atoms, which causes them to transition to a higher-energy orbit. The most crucial step in AAS is atomization, where the analyte is converted into gas-phase atoms, typically through a flame or furnace. Some of these atoms become thermally excited in the flame, while most remain in the ground state.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 16, 2025

Measurement of Aerosols Optical Thickness of the Atmosphere using the GLOBE Handheld Sun Photometer
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Aerosol absorption measurement by a Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor.

Jay E Land

    Applied Optics
    |September 14, 2023
    PubMed
    Summary

    Researchers quantified high energy near-infrared (NIR) laser heating of air using aerosols. They found lower aerosol imaginary refractive index values than previously reported, suggesting overestimations in prior studies.

    Area of Science:

    • Atmospheric optics
    • Laser-matter interactions
    • Aerosol science

    Background:

    • Accurate quantification of aerosol optical properties is crucial for climate and atmospheric modeling.
    • Previous studies may have overestimated the absorption efficiency of mineral dust aerosols.
    • Understanding laser-induced air heating by aerosols is important for high-energy laser applications.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and present a method for quantifying high energy near-infrared (NIR) laser heating of air by suspended dry aerosols.
    • To quantitatively reconstruct the air temperature profile, absorption efficiency, and imaginary refractive index of aerosols.
    • To compare measured aerosol optical properties with existing literature values.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a controlled environmental chamber with ISO standard test dust.

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  • Employed a high energy near-infrared (NIR) laser and a Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor for measurements.
  • Developed a methodology for quantitative reconstruction of aerosol properties and air temperature.
  • Main Results:

    • Successfully quantified air heating induced by laser absorption of aerosols.
    • Determined the air temperature profile, absorption efficiency, and imaginary refractive index.
    • Measured imaginary refractive index values were significantly lower than those reported in previous low-power studies.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed method provides accurate measurements of aerosol optical properties under high energy laser irradiation.
    • Findings suggest that previously reported values for mineral dust aerosol imaginary refractive index may be overestimated.
    • This research contributes to a more accurate understanding of aerosol-light interactions in atmospheric and laser applications.