Improving the optoelectronic properties of monolayer MoS₂field effect transistor through dielectric engineering

The reduced dielectric screening in atomically thin two-dimensional materials makes them very sensitive to the surrounding environment, which can be modulated to tune their optoelectronic properties. In this study, we significantly improved the optoelectronic properties of monolayer MoS₂by varying the surrounding environment using different liquid dielectrics, each with a specific dielectric constant ranging from 1.89 to 18. Liquid mediums offer the possibility of environment tunability on the same device. For a back-gated field effect transistor, the field effect mobility exhibited more than two-order enhancement when exposed to a high dielectric constant medium. Further investigation into the effect of the dielectric environment on the optoelectronic properties demonstrated a variation in photoresponse relaxation time with the dielectric medium. The rise and decay times were observed to increase and decrease, respectively, with an increase in the dielectric constant of the medium. These results can be attributed to the dielectric screening provided by the surrounding medium, which strongly modifies the charged impurity scattering, the band gap, and defect levels of monolayer MoS₂. These findings have important implications for the design of biological and chemical sensors, particularly those operating in a liquid environment. By leveraging the tunability of the dielectric medium, we can optimize the performance of such sensors and enhance their detection capabilities.