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Related Concept Videos

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation02:19

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The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent...
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Mitotic cell division results in daughter cells that exactly resemble the parent cell. However, errors in the DNA replication or distribution of genetic material may lead to genetic mutations that may be passed down to every new cell formed from the resulting abnormal cell. Propagation of such mutant cells is restricted through checkpoint mechanisms present at different stages of the cell cycle. These checkpoints involve regulator molecules that either promote or demote cell cycle events.
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Circadian rhythms are cyclic changes that are crucial in plasma drug concentrations. Various standard circadian parameters, including core body temperature, heart rate, and other cardiovascular factors, directly impact disease states and the therapeutic response to drug therapy.
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Cells and tissues must meticulously coordinate their activities for the normal functioning of the human body. Therefore, they exhibit socially responsible behavior - resting, growing, dividing, differentiating, or dying - for the organism’s benefit. Cancer arises when cells divide uncontrollably and invade other tissues or organs.
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The circadian—or biological—clock is an intrinsic, timekeeping, molecular mechanism that allows plants to coordinate physiological activities over 24-hour cycles called circadian rhythms. Photoperiodism is a collective term for the biological responses of plants to variations in the relative lengths of dark and light periods. The period of light-exposure is called the photoperiod.
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Updated: Jul 16, 2025

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Circadian rhythms and cancer.

Chandrabose Selvaraj1, Sher Zaman Safi2, Rajendran Vijayakumar3

  • 1Centre for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha College of Dental and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

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Circadian rhythms, regulated by the molecular clock, are crucial for health. Disruptions in these rhythms and clock genes are linked to cancer development and progression, offering new therapeutic targets.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • * Chronobiology and molecular biology
  • * Cancer research and pathogenesis

Background:

  • * Circadian rhythms are endogenous biological oscillators synchronized with the 24-hour day-night cycle.
  • * The molecular circadian clock, involving clock genes and clock-controlled genes, regulates physiological processes.
  • * Dysregulation of circadian rhythms significantly impacts mammalian physiology and human health, particularly in disease states like cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To elucidate the fundamental components of circadian rhythms.
  • * To explore the role of circadian rhythms in cancer pathogenesis and progression.
  • * To discuss clinical implications, existing therapeutic strategies, and future targets for circadian clock modulation in cancer treatment.

Main Methods:

  • * Comprehensive review of existing literature on circadian biology and cancer.
  • * Analysis of molecular mechanisms underlying circadian clock function and its disruption.
  • * Integration of data on clinical observations and therapeutic interventions.

Main Results:

  • * Aberrant expression of clock genes disrupts cell cycle control and apoptosis, promoting genomic instability and carcinogenesis.
  • * Circadian clock dysfunction is a significant factor in cancer development and progression.
  • * Modulation of clock genes presents a promising avenue for novel cancer therapies.

Conclusions:

  • * Understanding circadian rhythms is vital for comprehending cancer biology.
  • * Targeting the circadian clock offers a new therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment.
  • * Further research into clock drugs and therapeutic targets is warranted for clinical application.