Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Area Computation by the Alternative Coordinate Method01:24

Area Computation by the Alternative Coordinate Method

82
The alternative coordinate method, also known as the Shoelace Formula, is a technique for determining the area of a traverse using Cartesian coordinates. This method relies on the sequential arrangement of x and y coordinates for each point of the shape, ensuring accuracy and ease of application.In this approach, each corner's x and y coordinates are listed as fractions, with the x-coordinate as the numerator and the y-coordinate as the denominator. These coordinates are arranged sequentially...
82
Cartesian Vector Notation01:28

Cartesian Vector Notation

800
Cartesian vector notation is a valuable tool in mechanical engineering for representing vectors in three-dimensional space, performing vector operations such as determining the gradient, divergence, and curl, and expressing physical quantities such as the displacement, velocity, acceleration, and force. By using Cartesian vector notation, engineers can more easily analyze and solve problems in various areas of mechanical engineering, including dynamics, kinematics, and fluid mechanics. This...
800
Maximum Power Transfer01:16

Maximum Power Transfer

285
Numerous practical applications within engineering disciplines, such as telecommunications, necessitate optimizing power delivery to a connected load. This pursuit, however, entails inherent internal losses, which can either equal or exceed the power supplied to the load. The Thevenin equivalent circuit is helpful in finding the maximum power a linear circuit can deliver to a load. It is assumed in this context that the load resistance can be adjusted.
By substituting the entire circuit with...
285
Couples: Scalar and Vector Formulation01:21

Couples: Scalar and Vector Formulation

269
One might wonder how the captain of a large ship can navigate through the ocean with just a turn of the steering wheel. The answer lies in the concept of two parallel forces that are equal in magnitude and opposite sense, creating a couple moment.
A couple moment is a rotational force that tends to rotate the steering wheel. The wheel's rotation can either be in a clockwise or anticlockwise direction. The right-hand rule is a helpful method for determining the direction of a couple moment....
269
Extraction: Partition and Distribution Coefficients01:14

Extraction: Partition and Distribution Coefficients

2.5K
The distribution law or Nernst's distribution law is the law that governs the distribution of a solute between two immiscible solvents. This law, also known as the partition law, states that if a solute is added to the mixture of two immiscible solvents at a constant temperature, the solute is distributed between the two solvents in such a way that the ratio of solute concentrations in the solvents remains constant at equilibrium.
For extracting a solute from an aqueous phase into an...
2.5K
Vector Algebra: Method of Components01:08

Vector Algebra: Method of Components

14.0K
It is cumbersome to find the magnitudes of vectors using the parallelogram rule or using the graphical method to perform mathematical operations like addition, subtraction, and multiplication. There are two ways to circumvent this algebraic complexity. One way is to draw the vectors to scale, as in navigation, and read approximate vector lengths and angles (directions) from the graphs. The other way is to use the method of components.
In many applications, the magnitudes and directions of...
14.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

[Scapular belt for the treatment of comminuted fractures of scapula].

Zhongguo gu shang = China journal of orthopaedics and traumatology·2010
Same author

Manipulation of ordered nanostructures of protonated polyoxometalate through covalently bonded modification.

Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2010
Same author

Developments in nonsteroidal antiandrogens targeting the androgen receptor.

ChemMedChem·2010
Same author

Dynamic presentation of immobilized ligands regulated through biomolecular recognition.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2010
Same author

[Research on crop-weed discrimination using a field imaging spectrometer].

Guang pu xue yu guang pu fen xi = Guang pu·2010
Same author

A palladium/copper bimetallic catalytic system: dramatic improvement for Suzuki-Miyaura-type direct C-H arylation of azoles with arylboronic acids.

Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2010

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 16, 2025

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference
00:07

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference

Published on: September 5, 2019

8.5K

Three-dimensional power sparse code division non-orthogonal multiple access scheme with constellation pair mapping.

Shuaidong Chen, Jianxin Ren, Bo Liu

    Optics Express
    |September 15, 2023
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study introduces a novel three-dimensional power sparse code division non-orthogonal multiple access (3D-PSCD-NOMA) scheme. This advanced system enhances optical communication performance, offering significant improvements over traditional methods.

    More Related Videos

    Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs
    06:42

    Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

    Published on: June 8, 2018

    9.0K
    Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping
    09:43

    Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping

    Published on: March 20, 2017

    9.9K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jul 16, 2025

    A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference
    00:07

    A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference

    Published on: September 5, 2019

    8.5K
    Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs
    06:42

    Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

    Published on: June 8, 2018

    9.0K
    Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping
    09:43

    Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping

    Published on: March 20, 2017

    9.9K

    Area of Science:

    • Optical Communications
    • Wireless Networks
    • Signal Processing

    Background:

    • Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is crucial for enhancing spectral efficiency in wireless networks.
    • Existing NOMA schemes face limitations in constellation mapping and power efficiency.
    • Advancements in optical fiber communication demand novel multiplexing techniques.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and evaluate a novel three-dimensional power sparse code division non-orthogonal multiple access (3D-PSCD-NOMA) scheme.
    • To investigate the benefits of 3D constellation pair mapping for improving system performance.
    • To experimentally validate the proposed scheme's effectiveness in optical transmission systems.

    Main Methods:

    • Development of a 3D-PSCD-NOMA scheme utilizing a balanced incomplete block design (BIBD) for sparse code construction.
    • Implementation of 3D constellation pair mapping to enhance minimum Euclidean distance (MED).
    • Experimental demonstration of a 15.22 Gb/s 3D-PSCD-NOMA signal transmission over a 25 km single-mode fiber (SMF).

    Main Results:

    • The 3D constellation pair mapping improved MED by 17.7% compared to 2D 32-QAM.
    • 3D-PSCD-NOMA achieved sensitivity gains of 1.6 dB and 1.9 dB over 2D constellations at the same data rate.
    • The scheme reduced peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) by 1.3 dB with minimal sensitivity degradation (0.15 dB).

    Conclusions:

    • 3D-PSCD-NOMA offers significant advantages in transmission performance for optical systems.
    • The proposed scheme demonstrates superior sensitivity and power efficiency.
    • 3D-PSCD-NOMA presents a promising solution for future high-capacity optical access networks.