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Sound source direction-of-arrival estimation method for microphone array based on ultra-weak fiber Bragg grating

Zhihui Luo, Bo Lu, Jianglou Huang

    Optics Express
    |September 15, 2023
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study introduces a novel direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation method using ultra-weak fiber Bragg grating (UW-FBG) sensors and convolutional recurrent neural networks. The method achieves accurate 2D and 3D DOA estimation for distributed sound source localization.

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    Area of Science:

    • Acoustics
    • Optical Sensing
    • Signal Processing
    • Machine Learning

    Background:

    • Direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation is crucial for sound source localization.
    • Traditional methods face limitations in distributed and complex acoustic environments.
    • Ultra-weak fiber Bragg grating (UW-FBG) sensors offer potential for novel acoustic sensing applications.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and validate a new DOA estimation method utilizing UW-FBG distributed acoustic sensors.
    • To analyze the acoustic characteristics of UW-FBG microphones.
    • To develop a system integrating UW-FBG sensors with deep learning for enhanced DOA estimation.

    Main Methods:

    • Design of a linear array of three UW-FBG microphones.
    • Development of a DOA estimation algorithm combining convolutional recurrent neural networks (CRNNs).
    • Utilizing Log-Mel spectral and SCOT/PHAT features for DOA calculation.
    • Experimental establishment and verification of the proposed system.

    Main Results:

    • Measured sound pressure sensitivity of UW-FBG microphones ranges from 0.1032 to 3.306 rad/Pa between 1000-3000 Hz.
    • Peak sound pressure sensitivity reached approximately 3.306 rad/Pa.
    • Achieved mean errors of 2.85° for 2D DOA and 5.465° for 3D DOA estimation.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed UW-FBG based DOA estimation method demonstrates high accuracy.
    • The system shows significant potential for distributed sound source localization applications.
    • Integration of UW-FBG sensors with CRNNs offers a promising approach for advanced acoustic sensing.