Sound source direction-of-arrival estimation method for microphone array based on ultra-weak fiber Bragg grating...

Area of Science:

• Acoustics
• Optical Sensing
• Signal Processing
• Machine Learning

Background:

• Direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation is crucial for sound source localization.
• Traditional methods face limitations in distributed and complex acoustic environments.
• Ultra-weak fiber Bragg grating (UW-FBG) sensors offer potential for novel acoustic sensing applications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To propose and validate a new DOA estimation method utilizing UW-FBG distributed acoustic sensors.
• To analyze the acoustic characteristics of UW-FBG microphones.
• To develop a system integrating UW-FBG sensors with deep learning for enhanced DOA estimation.

Main Methods:

• Design of a linear array of three UW-FBG microphones.
• Development of a DOA estimation algorithm combining convolutional recurrent neural networks (CRNNs).
• Utilizing Log-Mel spectral and SCOT/PHAT features for DOA calculation.
• Experimental establishment and verification of the proposed system.

Main Results:

• Measured sound pressure sensitivity of UW-FBG microphones ranges from 0.1032 to 3.306 rad/Pa between 1000-3000 Hz.
• Peak sound pressure sensitivity reached approximately 3.306 rad/Pa.
• Achieved mean errors of 2.85° for 2D DOA and 5.465° for 3D DOA estimation.

Conclusions:

• The proposed UW-FBG based DOA estimation method demonstrates high accuracy.
• The system shows significant potential for distributed sound source localization applications.
• Integration of UW-FBG sensors with CRNNs offers a promising approach for advanced acoustic sensing.