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Related Concept Videos

Intensity Of Electromagnetic Waves01:22

Intensity Of Electromagnetic Waves

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The energy transport per unit area per unit time, or the Poynting vector, gives the energy flux of an electromagnetic wave at any specific time. For a plane electromagnetic wave with E0 and B0 as the peak electric and magnetic fields and traveling along the x-axis, the time-varying energy flux can be given by the following equation:
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Intensity and Pressure of Sound Waves01:05

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The intensity of sound waves can be related to displacement and pressure amplitudes by using their wave expressions and the definition of intensity. The critical step to achieve this is to write the power delivered by the particles on the wave as the product of force and velocity and simplify the force per unit area as the pressure. The velocity of the medium's particles can be derived from the displacement.
Unlike the time average of a sinusoidal term, which is zero since it is positive...
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Sound Intensity00:58

Sound Intensity

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The loudness of a sound source is related to how energetically the source is vibrating, consequently making the molecules of the propagation medium vibrate. To measure the loudness of a source, the physical quantity of interest is the intensity. This is defined as the energy emitted per unit of time per unit of area perpendicular to the sound wave's propagation direction. Since the total energy is greater if the source vibrates for a longer duration and over a larger area, dividing the...
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Momentum And Radiation Pressure01:20

Momentum And Radiation Pressure

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An object absorbing an electromagnetic wave would experience a force in the direction of propagation of the wave. This force occurs because electromagnetic waves contain and transport momentum. The force accounts for the wave's radiation pressure exerted on the object. Maxwell's prediction was confirmed in 1903 by Nichols and Hull by precisely measuring radiation pressures with a torsion balance. The measuring instrument had mirrors suspended from a fiber kept inside a glass container.
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Propagation Speed of Electromagnetic Waves01:30

Propagation Speed of Electromagnetic Waves

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Electromagnetic waves are consistent with Ampere's law. Assuming there is no conduction current Ampere's law is given as:
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High-speed Particle Image Velocimetry Near Surfaces
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Spatial intensity correlations of transmitted intensity patterns emerging from large particles.

Mingyuan Ren, Huajun Zhang, Wenkai Yao

    Optics Express
    |September 15, 2023
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study investigates spatial intensity correlations in speckle patterns from large particles. Findings reveal how particle size and concentration affect these correlations, aiding coherent imaging in disordered media.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Wave Propagation
    • Scattering Theory

    Background:

    • Coherent light propagation through random media creates speckle patterns, obscuring information.
    • While sub-wavelength particle speckles are well-understood, those from larger particles require further investigation.
    • Understanding speckle patterns is crucial for developing advanced imaging techniques.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To theoretically and experimentally investigate spatial intensity correlations in transmitted speckle patterns generated by large particles.
    • To derive and validate a semi-empirical expression for the spatial intensity correlation function.
    • To analyze the influence of particle size and concentration on speckle correlation.

    Main Methods:

    • Derivation of a semi-empirical spatial intensity correlation function based on the Bethe-Salpeter equation.
    • Experimental generation of speckle patterns using various particle sizes and concentrations.
    • Fitting theoretical models to experimental data to determine parameters and validate the expression.

    Main Results:

    • A novel semi-empirical expression for spatial intensity correlation function was derived, incorporating particle size and concentration.
    • Experimental results were used to validate the theoretical expression and determine key parameters.
    • The analysis demonstrated how particle size and concentration variations impact the spatial intensity correlation function.

    Conclusions:

    • The derived theoretical model accurately describes spatial intensity correlations in speckle patterns from large particles.
    • The study provides insights into the relationship between medium properties (particle size, concentration) and speckle characteristics.
    • These findings have potential applications in coherent imaging and characterization of random and disordered media.