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Cell-type specific anti-cancerous effects of nitro-oleic acid and its combination with gamma irradiation

Tomas Perecko1, Jana Pereckova1, Zuzana Hoferova1

  • 1Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Kralovopolska 135, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czech Republic.

Biological Chemistry
|September 15, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Nitro-fatty acids (NFAs), like nitro-oleic acid (NO2OA), show anti-cancer properties and enhance radiation therapy effectiveness. Further research into NFAs could improve cancer chemoradiation treatments.

Area of Science:

  • Lipid biochemistry
  • Molecular oncology
  • Cancer therapeutics

Background:

  • Nitro-fatty acids (NFAs) are endogenous lipid mediators involved in post-translational protein modifications.
  • NFAs possess potential anti-cancer properties that warrant investigation for therapeutic applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the anti-cancer effects of nitro-oleic acid (NO2OA) alone and in combination with gamma irradiation.
  • To analyze the impact of NO2OA on cancer cell death, cell cycle, and specific protein expression.
  • To evaluate the radiosensitizing potential of NO2OA in cancer cell lines.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed NO2OA effects on cell viability, apoptosis, cell cycle distribution, and p21/cyclin D1 protein levels in various cancer and normal cell lines.
  • Determined the Dose Enhancement Ratio at 50% survival fraction (DERIC50) for NO2OA pre-treated cells followed by gamma irradiation.
  • Utilized cancer cell lines (A-549, HT-29, FaDu) and normal cell lines (HGF, HFF-1) for comparative analysis.

Main Results:

  • NO2OA suppressed cancer cell viability and induced apoptotic cell death in a cell line-specific manner.
  • HT-29 cells demonstrated higher sensitivity to NO2OA, exhibiting G2/M phase cell cycle arrest with altered p21 and cyclin D1 expression.
  • Pre-treatment with NO2OA significantly increased the DERIC50, indicating radiosensitizing effects, particularly in HT-29 cells.

Conclusions:

  • NO2OA exhibits anti-cancer activity and potentiates the effects of gamma irradiation, suggesting its potential in combined chemoradiotherapy.
  • The findings support the development of novel nitro-fatty acids with enhanced features for improved cancer chemoradiation strategies.
  • Nitro-oleic acid demonstrates promise as a radiosensitizer for enhancing cancer treatment efficacy.
Keywords:
apoptosiscancercell cyclegamma irradiationnitro-fatty acidsradiosensitization

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