Real-time laser spot detection and tracking system based on parallel multi-target detection and determination algorithm | JoVE Visualize

Area of Science:

Optoelectronics and Photonics
Embedded Systems Engineering
Computer Vision and Image Processing

Background:

Traditional laser spot detection systems are often bulky and lack portability, hindering their application in various laser techniques.
There is a significant need for high-performance, miniaturized laser spot detection and tracking systems, particularly those based on field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs).

Purpose of the Study:

To propose a novel parallel multi-target detection and determination algorithm for FPGA-based systems.
To address the limitations of current FPGA systems in effectively detecting laser spots within complex environmental conditions.
To develop a robust and miniaturized laser spot detection and tracking system.

Main Methods:

Development and simulation of a parallel multi-target detection and determination algorithm optimized for FPGA implementation.
Deployment of the algorithm onto an FPGA to construct a prototype laser spot detection and tracking system.
Integration of a piezoelectric actuator for precise and rapid laser spot tracking.

Main Results:

The algorithm effectively detects laser spots in complex environments, processing an 800 × 480 resolution frame in 7.88 ms at 50 MHz, exceeding 100 frames per second.
The prototype system demonstrates approximately 90% spot detection accuracy across varying luminous intensities, showcasing high robustness.
The piezoelectric actuator enables speedy and precise tracking, offering advantages like rapid response and no electromagnetic interference.

Conclusions:

The proposed FPGA-based algorithm offers superior real-time laser spot detection performance compared to central processing units and advanced RISC machine microprocessors.
The developed system exhibits excellent robustness and accuracy, making it suitable for demanding applications.
The system's characteristics, particularly with the piezoelectric actuator, provide significant advantages for high-precision wireless communication control technology.