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Related Experiment Video

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Behavioral Assessment of Manual Dexterity in Non-Human Primates
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A Digital Box and Block Test for Hand Dexterity Measurement: Instrument Validation Study.

Eveline Prochaska1,2, Elske Ammenwerth2

  • 1Institute of Applied Electronics and Technical Informatics, University of Applied Sciences Campus Vienna, Vienna, Austria.

JMIR Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies
|September 15, 2023
PubMed
Summary

The new digital Box and Block Test (dBBT) shows moderate validity and reliability for measuring hand dexterity. This digitized tool offers objective, automated assessment for clinical use.

Keywords:
BBTBox and Block Testassessmentconcurrent validitydBBTdexteritydigital Box and Block Testhand dexterity assessmentinterrater reliabilitytest-retest reliabilityvalidatevalidity

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Area of Science:

  • Rehabilitation Science
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Clinical Assessment Tools

Background:

  • The Box and Block Test (BBT) is a standard clinical tool for assessing unilateral gross manual dexterity.
  • It is widely applied across diverse patient populations, including elderly individuals and those with neurological conditions.
  • Current BBT administration relies on manual timing and scoring, introducing potential variability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and evaluate a newly developed digitized version of the BBT, termed the digital BBT (dBBT).
  • To determine the concurrent validity, test-retest reliability, and interrater reliability of the dBBT.
  • To assess the dBBT's accuracy and practicality compared to the traditional BBT.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty-nine healthy participants completed both the conventional BBT and the dBBT at the initial assessment.
  • The dBBT was re-administered to assess test-retest reliability within a 10-day interval.
  • Concurrent validity was evaluated using correlation and Bland-Altman analysis; reliability was assessed via Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC).

Main Results:

  • The dBBT demonstrated moderate concurrent validity with the conventional BBT (r=0.48, P=.008).
  • Test-retest reliability was moderate (ICC=0.72), with a standard error of measurement of 3.1 blocks.
  • Interrater reliability was also moderate (ICC=0.67, P=.02), and Bland-Altman analysis confirmed sufficient accuracy.

Conclusions:

  • The digital BBT (dBBT) provides an objective and automated method for measuring gross hand dexterity.
  • The dBBT retains the essential characteristics of the original test while enhancing measurement precision.
  • Its simple implementation makes the dBBT a valuable tool for clinical and research settings.