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Applications of Extended Reality in Orthopaedic Surgery
Ehab M Nazzal1, Bálint Zsidai1,2, Laurie A Hiemstra3,4
1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UPMC Freddie Fu Sports Medicine Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American Volume
|September 15, 2023
Summary
Extended reality (XR) offers virtual, augmented, and mixed reality for surgical training and planning. Augmented and mixed reality show promise for enhancing surgeon accuracy and efficiency in preoperative and intraoperative settings.
Area of Science:
- Medical Technology
- Surgical Innovation
- Extended Reality Applications
Background:
- Extended reality (XR) integrates virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and mixed reality (MR).
- While VR excels in procedural memory and technical skill development, AR and MR are better suited for surgical applications.
- Current research on XR in surgery is emerging.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the utility of extended reality modalities in surgical contexts.
- To evaluate the potential of AR and MR for preoperative planning and intraoperative guidance.
- To assess the preliminary impact of XR on surgical accuracy and efficiency.
Main Methods:
- Review of current investigations into extended reality in surgical planning and procedures.
- Analysis of the suitability of different XR modalities (VR, AR, MR) for specific surgical tasks.
- Preliminary assessment of surgeon performance metrics using XR technologies.
Main Results:
- Augmented reality and mixed reality are identified as more appropriate than virtual reality for preoperative planning and intraoperative use.
- Early-stage investigations suggest XR technologies can improve surgical accuracy.
- Preliminary findings indicate XR can enhance surgeon efficiency.
Conclusions:
- Extended reality, particularly AR and MR, holds significant potential for surgical applications.
- Further research is needed to fully understand and optimize XR's role in enhancing surgical accuracy and efficiency.
- XR technologies are poised to become valuable tools in modern surgical practice.
