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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 16, 2025

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Gradient Nitrogen Doping in the Garnet Electrolyte for Highly Efficient Solid-State-Electrolyte/Li Interface by N2

Yingying Chen1, Bo Ouyang2, Xianbiao Li1

  • 1Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|September 15, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nitrogen plasma treatment of garnet electrolytes prevents lithium dendrite growth in solid-state lithium batteries (SSBs). This modification enhances interfacial stability and enables stable cycling for next-generation energy storage.

Keywords:
Garnet solid-state electrolyteelectrolyte/lithium metal interfacegradient nitrogen dopingplasmasolid-state lithium battery

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Solid-state lithium batteries (SSBs) offer high energy density and safety but suffer from lithium dendrite growth at the electrolyte-anode interface.
  • This dendrite formation leads to short circuits and catastrophic failure, limiting practical application.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a surface modification strategy for garnet solid electrolytes to suppress lithium dendrite growth.
  • To improve the interfacial contact and electrochemical performance of solid-state lithium batteries.

Main Methods:

  • A gradient nitrogen-doping strategy using nitrogen plasma was employed to modify the garnet electrolyte surface and subsurface.
  • The modified electrolyte was characterized for its surface properties and interfacial behavior with lithium metal.
  • Electrochemical performance was evaluated using Li/LLZTON-3/Li symmetric cells and hybrid solid-state full cells.

Main Results:

  • Nitrogen plasma treatment effectively etched surface impurities (e.g., Li2CO3) and formed an *in situ* Li3N-rich interphase.
  • The modified interface exhibited low interfacial resistance (3.50 Ω cm2) and high critical current densities (0.65 mA cm-2 at room temp, 1.60 mA cm-2 at 60 °C).
  • Stable cycling for over 1300 hours was achieved at 0.4 mA cm-2 at room temperature, and a full cell showed excellent durability.

Conclusions:

  • Gradient nitrogen doping of garnet electrolytes is a viable strategy to enhance interfacial stability in solid-state lithium batteries.
  • The *in situ* formed Li3N-rich interphase effectively suppresses lithium dendrite growth, enabling improved battery performance and safety.
  • This approach facilitates the practical utilization of lithium metal anodes in next-generation solid-state energy storage devices.