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Otological problems in ichthyosis: A literature review
R Van Oosterwyck1, E Loos2, A Willaert1
1University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Herestraat 49, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium.
Ear problems are common in ichthyosis (a skin disorder) and can cause hearing loss. Early identification and treatment by specialists are crucial for managing these challenging otological manifestations.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Otolaryngology
- Genetics
Background:
- Ichthyoses are rare keratinization disorders impacting skin barrier function.
- Ear involvement in ichthyosis is an understudied but significant aspect.
- Impaired barrier function contributes to various dermatological and potentially otological issues.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review otological manifestations in ichthyosis patients.
- To propose effective treatment strategies for ear-related issues in ichthyosis.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature search across PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science.
- Inclusion of 53 relevant articles for a detailed literature review.
Main Results:
- Scale accumulation in ear canals is the most frequent issue, leading to conductive hearing loss and infection risk.
- Outer ear malformations are observed in specific ichthyosis types.
- Sensorineural hearing loss is prevalent in syndromic forms of ichthyosis.
Conclusions:
- Otological problems are universal across all ichthyosis types, presenting treatment challenges.
- Multidisciplinary care involving ENT specialists is vital for ichthyosis patients.
- Further research is necessary to deepen understanding and improve otological management in ichthyosis.
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