Framework of wind joint analysis for different lake regions and its effects on the water quality

Water quality of Lake Taihu (LT) is paid wide attention, and the wind field makes wind-induced flow, significantly impacting the water quality. As a wide lake, the wind field suffers spatial and temporal changes. The correlated relationship among the wind fields for different lake regions has not been studied, and the joint effects of wind field on the water quality is still unknown. Hence, this paper proposed a framework of wind joint analysis for different lake regions and modelling its effects on the water quality, including joint analysis of wind field for different lake regions using Copula function, random time series generation of wind field using Monte-Carlo simulation, and hydrodynamic and water quality numerical simulation. Taking the Lake Taihu (LT) as study case, the joint relationships of wind field for four lake regions were analyzed, and the COD_MN, TP and TN distributions under different wind fields were simulated. This paper showed the following: (1) The relationship between the wind speed and direction was weak, and the correlated relationships among the wind fields for four lake regions were significant (ρ > 0.5). (2) The water quality of LT was more influenced by the wind direction rather than the wind speed, with an impacting ratio of ∼4.5. (3) The discharged weighted angle of runoff outflow (DWARO) was a practical index to improve the water quality. When regulating the input/output runoff discharge, water diversion project and water intakes in practice, the administrations should make the DWARO less than or equal to the average wind direction, to decrease the average pollutant concentration and improve the water quality of lake and intake. The proposed framework and results of LT could be extended to other wide shallow lakes to support the environmental management and basin runoff regulation.