Forensic chemical analysis of hydrogen gas explosions in sprinkler pipes

Most sprinkler systems in Korea use galvanized steel pipes to extinguish fires. Typically, sprinkler pipes are galvanized with zinc to protect them from corrosion. Although such installations are widely perceived to be safe and hazard-free, the corrosion of zinc within water-filled sprinkler pipes leads to the formation of corrosive products, including hydrogen gas. As hydrogen gas evolves, the pressure inside the closed sprinkler system increases, which in turn increases the risk of fire explosion. In this study, we evaluated several factors that contributed to the formation of hydrogen gas and analyzed the chemical principle of this reaction. Based on the results, we propose certain safety measures that can aid in preventing accidents caused by hydrogen gas. The study findings can form the basis for identifying a safe operating method that can prevent fires and explosions in sprinkler systems.