Home-based exercise improves subclinical atherosclerosis marker in multiple sclerosis

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Exercise Physiology
• Cardiovascular Science

Background:

• Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological disease affecting aerobic fitness and mobility.
• Subclinical atherosclerosis poses a significant risk for individuals with MS.
• Home-based interventions are needed to improve health outcomes in MS.

Purpose of the Study:

• To assess the impact of a 12-week home-based aerobic training program on aerobic fitness, subclinical atherosclerosis, and mobility in persons with MS.
• To compare the effects of aerobic exercise versus an attention-control group.

Main Methods:

• A 12-week randomized controlled trial involving individuals with MS (Expanded Disability Status Scale 0-4).
• Participants were assigned to either aerobic exercise (n=26) or an attention-control stretching group (n=22).
• Aerobic capacity, carotid intima media thickness, vasodilatory reactivity, arterial stiffness, and mobility (Timed 25-foot walk test, 6-minute walk test) were measured. Social cognitive theory behavioral coaching was utilized.

Main Results:

• The aerobic exercise group showed significant improvements in aerobic capacity (7%), vasodilatory reactivity (16%), and Timed 25-foot walk test speed (13%).
• No significant changes were observed in the attention-control group.
• These improvements suggest a positive effect of exercise on cardiovascular health markers.

Conclusions:

• A 12-week home-based aerobic exercise intervention can lead to modest yet significant improvements in aerobic capacity, mobility, and vascular function in persons with MS.
• This intervention demonstrates potential for improving subclinical atherosclerosis markers.
• Further research is warranted to investigate these outcomes in individuals prescreened for cardiovascular comorbidities and mobility issues.