Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 16, 2025

Measurement of Dynamic Scapular Kinematics Using an Acromion Marker Cluster to Minimize Skin Movement Artifact
Published on: February 10, 2015
Acromioclavicular Joint Anatomy and Biomechanics: The Significance of Posterior Rotational and Translational
Nicholas P J Perry1, Nozimakhon K Omonullaeva2, Blake M Bacevich3
1Division of Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard School of Medicine, Massachusetts General Brigham, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Sports Medicine, Mass General Hospital, 175 Cambridge Street, 4th Floor, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
Abstract:
The shoulder girdle extends from the sternoclavicular joint to the scapular stabilizing muscles posteriorly. It consists of 3 joints and 2 mobile regions. The shoulder girdle is statically stabilized by the acromioclavicular and coracoclavicular capsuloligamentous structures and dynamically stabilized by the trapezius, deltoid, and deltotrapezial fascia. During humerothoracic elevation, the clavicle elevates, protracts, and rotates posteriorly through the sternoclavicular joint while the scapula tilts posteriorly and rotates upward. The purpose of this article is to review the anatomy and biomechanics of the acromioclavicular joint and the shoulder girdle.
Related Concept Videos
Muscles of the Shoulder
Anterior Thoracic Muscles
The anterior thoracic muscles include the serratus anterior, subclavius, and...
Articulations of the Vertebral Column
Knee Joint
A total of seven ligaments support the knee joint. The patellar ligament, which is also attached to the quadriceps femoris...
Ankle Joint
Functional Classification of Joints
The functional classification of joints is determined by the amount of mobility between the adjacent bones. Joints are functionally classified as a synarthrosis or immobile joint, an amphiarthrosis or slightly moveable joint, or as a diarthrosis, a freely moveable joint. Fibrous and cartilaginous joints can be functionally classified as either synarthroses or amphiarthroses, whereas all synovial joints are classified as diarthroses.
Synarthrosis
An...
Introduction to Joints

