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Perspective: Systematic review and meta-analysis in obstructive sleep apnea - What is lacking?
Daniil Lisik1, Gabriel Natan Pires2, Ding Zou3
1Krefting Research Centre, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Sleep Medicine
|September 17, 2023
Summary
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) impacts global health, with current treatments like positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy showing limitations. New research explores alternative therapies, highlighting the need for better evidence synthesis.
Area of Science:
- Sleep Medicine
- Respiratory Medicine
- Cardiovascular Health
Background:
- Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) affects nearly one billion adults globally, significantly impacting quality of life, cognition, and cardiovascular health.
- Positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy, the standard first-line treatment, faces challenges with patient compliance and long-term cardiovascular outcome efficacy.
- Emerging research into novel non-PAP treatments is driven by a deeper understanding of OSA pathogenesis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To address the critical need for high-quality evidence synthesis on emerging obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) treatments.
- To critically evaluate the methodological limitations of existing systematic reviews and meta-analyses (SR/MA) in the field of OSA.
- To discuss current challenges in OSA management and propose future perspectives, including a treatable traits-based approach.
Main Methods:
- Review and analysis of current literature on obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) management and novel therapeutic approaches.
- Critical appraisal of existing systematic reviews and meta-analyses (SR/MA) for methodological rigor and relevance.
- Discussion of OSA pathogenesis, treatable traits, and the limitations of current evidence synthesis.
Main Results:
- Current systematic reviews and meta-analyses (SR/MA) on non-PAP OSA treatments often exhibit methodological limitations.
- Existing research questions in SR/MA may not fully capture the complexity of OSA management.
- There is a growing body of evidence for promising novel therapeutic strategies beyond PAP.
Conclusions:
- Effective management of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) requires addressing limitations in current treatment compliance and long-term outcomes.
- A treatable traits-based approach to OSA management holds promise for personalized and effective therapeutic strategies.
- Future research and high-quality evidence synthesis are essential to guide the development and implementation of novel OSA treatments.
Keywords:
Evidence-based medicineMethodologyPhenotypePrecision medicineSleep-disordered breathingTreatmentMore Related Videos
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