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Updated: Jul 16, 2025

Psychophysiological Assessment of the Effectiveness of Emotion Regulation Strategies in Childhood
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Polygenic risk for neuroticism is associated with less efficient control in more difficult situations.

Heekyeong Park1, Katherine L Forthman2, Rayus Kuplicki2

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of North Texas at Dallas, TX 75241, USA; Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK 74136, USA.

Psychiatry Research. Neuroimaging
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PubMed
Summary

Genetic predisposition for neuroticism influences brain activity during challenging control tasks. Individuals with higher genetic risk showed distinct neural responses in specific brain regions when faced with difficult control situations.

Keywords:
Cognitive controlGenetic riskNeuroticismStop signal taskfMRI

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Behavioral Genetics

Background:

  • Neuroticism is a heritable trait linked to mental health issues and difficulty managing negative events.
  • Understanding the genetic underpinnings of neuroticism is crucial for explaining its impact on behavioral control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between genetic propensity for neuroticism and cognitive control processing.
  • To explore how genetic risk for neuroticism moderates neural responses during tasks of varying control difficulty.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the polygenic risk score (PRS) approach to quantify genetic propensity for neuroticism.
  • Employed a stop-signal task during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in 406 individuals.
  • Manipulated control difficulty by varying stop-signal asynchrony.

Main Results:

  • Polygenic risk scores for neuroticism did not correlate with overall inhibitory control ability.
  • Individuals with high neuroticism PRS exhibited increased activity in the left dorsal prefrontal cortex, middle temporal gyrus, and dorsal posterior cingulate cortex during difficult control conditions.
  • This heightened neural activity was specifically observed under conditions of greater control difficulty.

Conclusions:

  • Genetic propensity for neuroticism impacts neural processing, particularly in challenging control contexts.
  • Altered neural responses in difficult situations may contribute to the poor control of negative events observed in individuals with high neuroticism.
  • Findings provide a neurobiological link between genetic risk for neuroticism and difficulties in executive function under stress.