[Research status of dural injury types and repair]

To evaluate the current status of classification and repair methods for dural injury caused by spinal surgery or trauma, providing new strategies and ideas for the clinical repair of dural injury and the development of related materials.

The literature related to dural injury both at home and abroad in recent years was thoroughly reviewed and analyzed in order to draw meaningful conclusions.

There have been numerous retrospective studies on dural injury, but there is a scarcity of prospective and multi-center studies, resulting in a low level of evidence-based research. The incidence and risk factors of dural injury have primarily been studied in relation to common degenerative spinal diseases of the cervical and lumbar spine, with insufficient research on thoracic spine-related diseases. Currently, a universally recognized method for grading and classifying dural injury has not been established, which hampers the development of clinical guidelines for their repair. Furthermore, although there are repair materials and surgical strategies available to address clinical issues such as suture leakage and surgical repair of dural injury in complex locations, there is a lack of comprehensive clinical research and evidence-based data to validate their scientificity and reliability.

Regardless of the classification of dural injury, suture remains the most important repair method. It is important to further develop new patches or sealants that can meet clinical needs and reduce the difficulty of repair.