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An overview of colistin resistance: A breach in last line defense

Bidyut Prava Rout1, Birasen Behera1, Kundan Kumar Sahu2

  • 1Ph.D. Scholar in Biotechnology, IMS & SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.

Medical Journal, Armed Forces India
|September 18, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Antibiotic resistance, particularly to colistin, is a growing global health threat. New surveillance methods are crucial for detecting colistin-resistant bacteria, which are not easily identified by standard tests.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Public Health
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Antibiotic resistance poses a significant threat to global health, hindering UN goals.
  • Colistin resistance emerged via chromosomal mutations and plasmid-mediated genes (MCR-1 to MCR-10).
  • Genes conferring resistance spread from healthcare settings to the environment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an updated overview of colistin resistance.
  • To discuss prevalence, resistance mechanisms, and detection challenges.
  • To highlight the importance of surveillance for colistin-resistant pathogens.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on colistin resistance.
  • Analysis of prevalence data and geographical distribution.
  • Examination of genetic mechanisms of resistance.
  • Evaluation of diagnostic limitations for colistin resistance detection.

Main Results:

  • Colistin resistance is increasingly prevalent globally.
  • Plasmid-mediated colistin resistance (MCR genes) is a significant concern.
  • Standard diagnostic methods, including diffusion assays and commercial systems, often fail to detect colistin resistance accurately.
  • Emerging resistance necessitates improved surveillance strategies.

Conclusions:

  • Effective surveillance of colistin-resistant bacteria is essential.
  • Development of reliable detection methods is urgently needed.
  • Addressing colistin resistance is critical for maintaining effective treatment options and global health security.
Keywords:
Colistin resistancemcr-1phoPQpmrAB

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