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Atraumatic Spontaneous Splenic Rupture With Unknown Etiology.
Humberto Perez1, Han Sol Jeong2, Jason Smith DO3
1General Surgery, Lincoln Memorial University DeBusk College of Osteopathic Medicine, Miami, USA.
Cureus
|September 18, 2023
Summary
Atraumatic splenic rupture (ASR) without a clear cause is rare and challenging to diagnose. This case highlights the need for clinical suspicion to manage these life-threatening splenic events.
Area of Science:
- Medicine
- Surgery
- Emergency Medicine
Background:
- Atraumatic splenic rupture (ASR) is a rare but life-threatening condition.
- ASR often results from underlying pathologies like malignancy, infection, or coagulopathies.
- Diagnosing ASR is challenging due to its infrequent occurrence and atypical presentations.
Observation:
- A 57-year-old woman with hypertension presented with chest pain and a splenic hematoma.
- Initial splenic artery embolization failed to stabilize the patient's hemodynamics.
- A subsequent splenectomy was performed.
Findings:
- Gross pathology of the spleen revealed no identifiable underlying disease processes, nodules, or masses.
- The patient's splenic hemorrhage was attributed to ASR of unknown etiology.
- This case represents a rare instance of ASR without a discernible cause.
Implications:
- Clinicians must maintain a high index of suspicion for ASR, even without apparent underlying causes.
- Prompt diagnosis and surgical management, including splenectomy, are crucial for patient stabilization.
- Further research is needed to understand the pathogenesis of ASR without identifiable causes.
Keywords:
atraumatic splenic ruptureemergency department visitsgeneral surgery consulttotal splenectomytraumatic splenic ruptureMore Related Videos
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