Management of zygomatico maxillary complex fractures.

Area of Science:

• Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
• Trauma Surgery
• Reconstructive Surgery

Background:

• Zygomatic bone fractures impact facial aesthetics and function, necessitating effective diagnostic and treatment strategies.
• Quantitative outcome assessments are crucial for comparing surgical techniques and managing long-term follow-up.
• Open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) is a common approach for zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the outcomes and effectiveness of two-point versus three-point fixation in ORIF for zygomatic bone fractures.
• To evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of each fixation technique.

Main Methods:

• Randomized controlled trial involving 40 patients with zygomatic bone fractures.
• Group A (20 patients): ORIF using two-point miniplate fixation.
• Group B (20 patients): ORIF using three-point miniplate fixation.
• Evaluation included radiological assessment and neurological assessment at 1 and 6 months post-surgery.

Main Results:

• The two-point fixation group (Group A) exhibited fewer facial complications and neurological side effects.
• Group A showed statistically significant improvements in radiological and neurological assessment scores between 1 and 6 months post-surgery (P < 0.01 and P = 0.021, respectively).
• Group B's average radiological scores improved from 2.47±0.30 at 1 month to 1.87±0.47 at 6 months.

Conclusions:

• Open reduction and internal fixation employing two-point miniplate fixation is the preferred method for treating zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures.
• Two-point fixation offers superior outcomes with reduced complications compared to three-point fixation.
• This technique ensures effective facial rehabilitation and functional restoration.