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Published on: January 28, 2020
Ethnicity and risk factors among Indian coronary artery disease patients
Monika Sah1, Latheef Saa2, Venkataramana P1
1Discipline of Anthropology, School of Social Sciences, Indira Gandhi National Open University, Maidan Garhi, New Delhi-110068, India.
Insights
Coronary artery disease risk factors differ between Jaat and Vaishya men. Jaats show higher glucose and waist-height ratio, while Vaishyas have higher BMI and cholesterol. Population-specific approaches are crucial for managing CAD.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Medical Anthropology
- Public Health
Background:
- Coronary artery disease (CAD) risk factors exhibit ethnic and population-specific variations.
- Understanding these differences is vital for targeted prevention and management strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate and compare the distribution of coronary artery disease risk factors in Jaat and Vaishya male populations.
- To identify ethnic-specific risk profiles for better CAD management.
Main Methods:
- A comparative study involving 50 male patients with CAD from each of the Jaat and Vaishya castes.
- Analysis of anthropometric measurements (height, waist, hip, BMI, waist-height ratio, LBMI) and biochemical parameters (glucose, total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C, triglycerides).
- Univariate logistic regression was used to assess associations between risk factors and ethnic groups.
Main Results:
- Jaat men exhibited significantly higher average height, waist and hip circumferences, glucose, and waist-height ratio compared to Vaishyas.
- Vaishya men had significantly higher mean BMI, total cholesterol, non-HDL-C, and LBMI.
- Jaats showed a higher prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and isolated hypertriglyceridemia, whereas Vaishyas had higher rates of general obesity, high total-C, high LDL-C, and high total-C/HDL-C.
Conclusions:
- Significant differences in coronary artery disease risk factors exist between Jaat and Vaishya men.
- A population-specific approach is recommended for identifying high-risk groups and designing effective interventions for CAD management.
Abstract:
In this study, an attempt was made to investigate the distribution of coronary risk factors in male patients with coronary artery disease (CAD)(n=50 each) belonging to Jaat and Vaishya castes. A Significantly higher average height, waist and hip circumferences, glucose, and waist-height ratio were observed in Jaats compared to the Vaishyas (p=0.000). Mean BMI, total cholesterol (total-C) and non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and lean body mass index (LBMI) were significantly higher in Vaishyas against Jaats (p=0.00). A significantly higher percentage of type 2 diabetes(T2DM) (p=0.03) and isolated hypertriglyceridemia(p=0.01) was observed in Jaats against Vaishya men. Percentage of general obesity(p=0.01), high total-C, high low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (p=0.00), high total-C/HDL-C(p=0.04), combined positive family history of hypertension and type 2 diabetes, and general obesity, was significantly higher in Vaishya when compared to Jaat men. In univariate logistic regression analyses, a significant association of T2DM (p=0.039) and isolated hypertriglyceridemia (p=0.020) with Jaat ethnic group and general obesity, high totalC, high LDL-C, and high total-C/HDL-C with Vaishya ethnic group was observed. Results of the present study suggest that a population-specific than a global approach should be used in identifying high-risk groups and designing of interventions to reduce the complications and management of CAD.
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