Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 12, 2026

Characterization, Quantification and Compound-specific Isotopic Analysis of Pyrogenic Carbon Using Benzene Polycarboxylic Acids (BPCA)
08:12

Characterization, Quantification and Compound-specific Isotopic Analysis of Pyrogenic Carbon Using Benzene Polycarboxylic Acids (BPCA)

Published on: May 16, 2016

Hygienic characterization of atmospheric contamination with benzo(a)pyrene in a big city

F F Dautov

    Journal of Hygiene, Epidemiology, Microbiology, and Immunology
    |January 1, 1986
    PubMed

    More Related Videos

    Vegetated Treatment Systems for Removing Contaminants Associated with Surface Water Toxicity in Agriculture and Urban Runoff08:49

    Vegetated Treatment Systems for Removing Contaminants Associated with Surface Water Toxicity in Agriculture and Urban Runoff

    Published on: May 15, 2017

    Composition and Distribution Analysis of Bioaerosols Under Different Environmental Conditions05:45

    Composition and Distribution Analysis of Bioaerosols Under Different Environmental Conditions

    Published on: January 7, 2019

    Related Concept Videos

    Aromatic Compounds: Overview01:25

    Aromatic Compounds: Overview

    In general, the term ‘aromatic’ indicates a pleasant smell or fragrance from fresh flowers, freshly prepared coffee, etc. In the early history of organic chemistry, many benzene derivatives were isolated from the pleasant odor oils of the plants. For example, vanillin was isolated from the oil of vanilla, methyl salicylate from the oil of wintergreen, and cinnamaldehyde from the oil of cinnamon. They all had a pleasant odor; hence the name aromatic was given.
    In 1825, Faraday isolated benzene...
    Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Sulfonation of Benzene01:22

    Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Sulfonation of Benzene

    Sulfonation of benzene is a reaction wherein benzene is treated with fuming sulfuric acid at room temperature to produce benzenesulfonic acid. Fuming sulfuric acid is a mixture of sulfur trioxide and concentrated sulfuric acid.
    NMR Spectroscopy of Benzene Derivatives01:37

    NMR Spectroscopy of Benzene Derivatives

    Simple unsubstituted benzene has six aromatic protons, all chemically equivalent. Therefore, benzene exhibits only a singlet peak at δ 7.3 ppm in the 1H NMR spectrum. The observed shift is far downfield because the aromatic ring current strongly deshields the protons. Any substitution on the benzene ring makes the aromatic protons nonequivalent, and the protons split each other. The peak is, therefore, no longer a singlet and the splitting pattern and their associated coupling constants depend...
    Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Chlorination and Bromination of Benzene01:15

    Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Chlorination and Bromination of Benzene

    Chlorination and bromination are important classes of electrophilic aromatic substitutions, where benzene reacts with chlorine or bromine in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst to give halogenated substitution products. A Lewis acid such as aluminium chloride or ferric chloride catalyzes the chlorination, and ferric bromide catalyzes the bromination reactions. During the bromination of alkenes, bromine polarizes and becomes electrophilic. However, in the bromination of benzene, the bromine...
    Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Fluorination and Iodination of Benzene01:13

    Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Fluorination and Iodination of Benzene

    Bromination and chlorination of aromatic rings by electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions are easily achieved, but fluorination and iodination are difficult to achieve. Fluorine is so reactive that its reaction with benzene is difficult to control, resulting in poor yields of monofluoroaromatic products. To address this, Selectfluor reagent is used as a fluorine source in which a fluorine atom is bonded to a positively charged nitrogen.
    Mass Spectrometry: Aromatic Compound Fragmentation01:23

    Mass Spectrometry: Aromatic Compound Fragmentation

    Upon ionization, aromatic compounds generate a molecular ion that is observed as a prominent peak in their mass spectra. For example, the molecular ion peak for benzene appears at a mass-to-charge ratio of 78, while toluene is observed at a mass-to-charge ratio of 92. The molecular ion benzene is highly stable and does not readily undergo further fragmentation due to the significant amount of energy required to disrupt the aromatic stability of the benzene ring. In contrast, the molecular ion...