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Related Concept Videos

Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 16, 2025

A Bioluminescent and Fluorescent Orthotopic Syngeneic Murine Model of Androgen-dependent and Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer
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Biomarker-Directed Therapy in Black and White Men With Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer.

Clara Hwang1, Nicholas C Henderson2, Shih-Chun Chu2

  • 1Henry Ford Health, Detroit, Michigan.

JAMA Network Open
|September 18, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Black men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) showed higher rates of specific actionable molecular alterations, including mismatch repair deficiency (MMRD) or high microsatellite instability (MSI-H). Despite lower targeted therapy use, clinical outcomes were similar between Black and White patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Genetics
  • Health Disparities

Background:

  • Black men face higher prostate cancer incidence and mortality.
  • Disparities in precision oncology for Black men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare precision medicine data and clinical outcomes between Black and White men diagnosed with mCRPC.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study using clinicogenomic data from the PROMISE consortium (April 2020-December 2021).
  • Analysis included 962 patients (204 Black, 758 White) with mCRPC and molecular data.
  • Primary outcome: frequency of actionable molecular alterations (MMRD/MSI-H, HRD, high TMB).

Main Results:

  • Blood-based testing was more common in Black men (48.7%) vs. White men (36.4%).
  • Actionable alteration rates were similar overall (32.8% vs. 29.1%), but MMRD/MSI-H was higher in Black men (9.1% vs. 4.9%).
  • Black men had fewer PTEN and TMPRSS alterations but received matched targeted therapy less frequently (33.5% vs. 53.5%).

Conclusions:

  • Black men with mCRPC exhibit distinct molecular profiles, including higher MMRD/MSI-H rates.
  • Despite disparities in targeted therapy utilization, clinical outcomes (response rates, survival) were comparable between racial groups.
  • Findings highlight the need to address potential barriers in precision oncology care for Black men.