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Multiparametric ultrasound for upper extremity dialysis access evaluation
Vasileios Michas1, Mehdi Taghipour2, Angeliki Papachristodoulou1
1Department of Radiology, University General Hospital of Thessaloniki AHEPA, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Ultrasonography (Seoul, Korea)
|September 19, 2023
Summary
Ultrasound (US) techniques enhance the assessment of dialysis vascular access, including arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) and grafts (AVGs). US imaging aids in pre-operative evaluation, maturation tracking, and diagnosing complications like stenosis and thrombosis.
Area of Science:
- Medical Imaging
- Nephrology
- Vascular Surgery
Background:
- Dialysis vascular access, typically arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) or grafts (AVGs), is crucial for hemodialysis.
- Effective evaluation and monitoring of vascular access are essential for patient outcomes.
- Complications can significantly impair vascular access function and patient health.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the advancements in ultrasound (US) techniques for evaluating dialysis vascular access.
- To highlight the role of US in pre-operative assessment, maturation monitoring, and complication diagnosis.
- To underscore the importance of US in managing AVF and AVG complications.
Main Methods:
- Review of various ultrasound (US) techniques: grayscale B-mode, color Doppler, power Doppler, spectral Doppler, non-Doppler flow imaging, contrast-enhanced US, and elastography.
- Integration of US findings with patient medical history and physical examination.
- Application of US in pre-surgical evaluation, AVF/AVG maturation assessment, and diagnosis of complications.
Main Results:
- Ultrasound (US) techniques have significantly improved the evaluation of dialysis vascular access parameters.
- US provides critical information for pre-operative planning of arteriovenous anastomosis.
- US effectively monitors AVF/AVG maturation and aids in diagnosing complications such as thrombosis, stenosis, aneurysms, and infection.
Conclusions:
- Advanced ultrasound (US) techniques are indispensable tools in the comprehensive management of dialysis vascular access.
- US facilitates timely diagnosis and management of vascular access complications, improving patient care.
- The continuous evolution of US technology offers enhanced capabilities for assessing AVF and AVG performance.
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