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Slow and fast particles in shear-driven jamming: Critical behavior.

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This study reveals shear-driven jamming involves distinct slow and fast particle processes, influencing shear viscosity. The slow process, linked to a velocity distribution peak, contributes to viscosity corrections, decoupling from correlations in this unusual critical phenomenon.

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Area of Science:

  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Computational Physics
  • Rheology

Background:

  • Shear-driven jamming is a critical phenomenon observed in dense granular materials and colloids.
  • Understanding the relationship between particle dynamics and macroscopic rheological properties is crucial.
  • Previous work indicated shear viscosity diverges near jamming density, but the underlying mechanisms remain debated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the velocity distribution of particles in a 2D shear-driven jamming model.
  • To investigate the relationship between particle velocity distributions and shear viscosity components.
  • To characterize the nature of shear-driven jamming as a critical phenomenon.

Main Methods:

  • Extensive simulations of a 2D shear-driven jamming model.
  • Analysis of particle velocity distributions at various densities (ϕ) and low shear strain rates (γ̇).
  • Comparison of simulation results with theoretical scaling analyses of shear viscosity (η).

Main Results:

  • The particle velocity distribution comprises two distinct components: a slow process and a fast process.
  • The shear viscosity divergence is composed of two terms, directly linked to the fast and slow processes, respectively.
  • The slow process contribution to shear viscosity can be predicted from the peak characteristics of the velocity distribution.

Conclusions:

  • Shear-driven jamming exhibits unusual critical behavior where correlations and shear viscosity decouple.
  • The slow process, dominated by slower particles, controls the correction-to-scaling term in shear viscosity.
  • Collective particle motion is primarily governed by the slow process, challenging conventional critical phenomena paradigms.