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Metabolic syndrome-related cognitive impairment with white matter hyperintensities and functional network analysis
Wenhui Zheng1, Xia Zhou1, Jiabin Yin1
1Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
Objective:
This study aimed to explore the relationship between white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) and cognitive impairment related to metabolic syndrome (MetS) and the underlying neural network mechanisms.
Methods:
This cross-sectional study included 50 participants with MetS and WMHs (MetS-WMHs), 45 with MetS without WMHs, and 50 control participants. All participants underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging and a detailed cognitive evaluation. A graph theory analysis based on resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging was conducted to calculate functional network properties. A mediation analysis was conducted to determine the relationship between WMHs and MetS-related cognitive impairment.
Results:
Compared with the control group, the participants in the MetS-WMHs group displayed lower global efficiency, local efficiency, and nodal efficiency, mainly located in the regions of the salience network. Furthermore, a significant correlation was observed between functional network efficiency and cognitive performance. Mediation analysis indicated that WMHs served as a mediating variable between MetS and cognitive decline, affecting attention/executive function, language, and global cognitive function.
Conclusions:
WMHs mediated the association between MetS and cognitive function, with a decline in the efficiency of functional brain networks being a probable neural mechanism.
