The molecular mechanisms that underlie neural network assembly

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Developmental Biology

Background:

• Neural networks exhibit emergent properties not seen in single neurons.
• The assembly principles of neural networks are not well understood.
• High-level governing principles for neural network assembly beyond basic development are largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review and highlight key principles governing neural network assembly.
• To explore spatial codes, temporal codes, and cell adhesion codes in neural network formation.
• To connect neural network development with emergent functions.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing literature on neural network assembly.
• Analysis of examples including vertebrate spinal motor columns, Drosophila larval motor circuits, and vertebrate inner retina lamination.
• Identification of spatial, temporal, and cell adhesion codes.

Main Results:

• Spatial, temporal, and cell adhesion codes play roles in neural network assembly.
• Examples demonstrate preliminary links between neural network development and function.
• Significant gaps remain in understanding the molecular basis of functional neural network assembly.

Conclusions:

• Spatial, temporal, and cell adhesion codes are important for neural network assembly.
• Further research is needed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying functional neural network formation.