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Related Concept Videos

Assessment of the Cardiovascular System III: Palpation01:27

Assessment of the Cardiovascular System III: Palpation

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Palpation involves feeling the body to evaluate texture, size, consistency, and tenderness for assessing cardiovascular health. The following steps are organized in a head-to-toe order:
Jugular Venous Pressure (JVP) Measurement
Position the patient at a thirty- to forty-five-degree angle or in a semi-fowler's position. Look for the highest point of pulsation in the internal jugular vein and measure the vertical distance to the angle of Loius or sternal angle. A normal JVP is 3-4 cm above...
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Overview of Systemic Veins01:11

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Systemic veins are crucial blood vessels that return deoxygenated blood from various body tissues back to the heart. There are three systemic veins that return deoxygenated blood to the heart, they are as follows.
The coronary sinus, the heart's principal vein, resides in the coronary sulcus on the heart's posterior aspect. This broad venous channel receives nearly all venous blood from the myocardium, the heart muscle. It is fed by three primary veins: the great cardiac vein, the...
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Venous Thrombosis IV: Nursing Management01:30

Venous Thrombosis IV: Nursing Management

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Nursing management begins with a thorough assessment of the patient's health history. Key factors include trauma to veins, peripherally inserted central catheters, varicose veins, recent pregnancy or childbirth, surgery, bacteremia, prolonged bed rest, atrial fibrillation, COPD, heart failure, cancer, coagulation disorders, myocardial infarction, spinal cord injury, stroke, prolonged travel, recent bone fractures, and dehydration. Review medication intake, particularly oral contraceptives,...
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Venous Thrombosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:20

Venous Thrombosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

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The key difference between Superficial Vein Thrombosis (SVT) and Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) lies in their location and severity.Clinical ManifestationsSVT typically presents with localized pain, tenderness, and redness along the course of a superficial vein, often accompanied by a palpable, cord-like structure under the skin. This condition is usually less dangerous than DVT but can be uncomfortable and may lead to complications such as cellulitis or, rarely, a clot extension into the deep...
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Venous Thrombosis I: Introduction01:30

Venous Thrombosis I: Introduction

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Venous thrombosis, the most common disorder of the veins, involves the formation of a thrombus or blood clot associated with vein inflammation. It can be classified as either superficial vein thrombosis or deep vein thrombosis.Superficial Vein Thrombosis: This involves the formation of a thrombus in a superficial vein, usually the greater or lesser saphenous vein. Though less severe than deep vein thrombosis (DVT), SVT can lead to complications if untreated.Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): This...
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Varicose Veins II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:26

Varicose Veins II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

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Varicose veins, or varicosities, develop when the valves in the veins, which control blood flow, weaken or damage. It causes blood to pool and the veins to enlarge. Understanding the clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, and management options for varicose veins is crucial for effective treatment and relief.Clinical manifestationsClinical manifestations of varicose veins include a heavy, achy feeling or pain after prolonged standing or sitting. This discomfort can often be relieved by...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 16, 2025

Demystifying Venous Excess Ultrasound (VExUS): Image Acquisition and Interpretation
05:49

Demystifying Venous Excess Ultrasound (VExUS): Image Acquisition and Interpretation

Published on: May 16, 2025

850

Systemic Venous Congestion Reviewed.

Prakash Banjade1, Ashish Subedi2, Shekhar Ghamande3

  • 1Department of General Medicine, Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Pokhara, NPL.

Cureus
|September 19, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Accurate assessment of fluid status is crucial for critically ill patients. Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) and the Venous excess ultrasound score (VExUS) show promise in evaluating systemic venous congestion, improving patient outcomes.

Keywords:
intravascular volumepoint of care ultrasoundsystemic venous congestionvenous excess ultrasound scorevolume overload

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Area of Science:

  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Diagnostic Imaging
  • Hemodynamics

Background:

  • Accurate intravascular volume assessment is vital for critically ill patients.
  • Conventional hemodynamic monitoring often overlooks venous congestion, impacting organ function.
  • Systemic venous congestion can negatively affect intraabdominal organs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the potential role of point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) in assessing systemic venous congestion.
  • To discuss the utility of the Venous excess ultrasound score (VExUS) in fluid status evaluation.
  • To explore POCUS and VExUS as tools for managing critically ill patients.

Main Methods:

  • Narrative review of recently published literature.
  • Focus on studies utilizing POCUS for venous congestion assessment.
  • Inclusion of research on the VExUS scoring system.

Main Results:

  • POCUS offers a potentially valuable bedside tool for assessing venous congestion.
  • VExUS provides a semi-quantitative method for evaluating fluid status.
  • Early identification of venous congestion can guide therapeutic interventions.

Conclusions:

  • POCUS and VExUS can aid clinicians in determining systemic venous congestion.
  • Improved assessment of fluid status may lead to better patient outcomes.
  • Further research is warranted to integrate these tools into routine critical care.