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Phytohormones regulate asexual Toxoplasma gondii replication.

Tina Wagner1, Berit Bangoura2, Stefanie Wiedmer3

  • 1Institute of Inflammation and Neurodegeneration, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.

Parasitology Research
|September 19, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Abscisic acid (ABA) significantly increases Toxoplasma gondii replication in host cells. Gibberellic acid (GIBB) may inhibit parasite growth, suggesting potential treatments for toxoplasmosis.

Keywords:
Abscisic acidApicomplexaCoccidiaGibberellic acidMultiplication

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Area of Science:

  • Parasitology
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) causes systemic infections in humans and animals.
  • During acute infection, tachyzoites replicate intracellularly, involving invasion, multiplication, and egress.
  • Phytohormones are known to influence calcium-mediated secretion, impacting parasite invasion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of plant hormones on T. gondii tachyzoite replication in human foreskin fibroblast (HFF) cultures.
  • To assess the influence of abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellic acid (GIBB), and kinetin (KIN) on parasite replication.
  • To evaluate the role of cell culture media components in mediating phytohormone effects.

Main Methods:

  • T. gondii replication was quantified by measuring parasite DNA copies using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR).
  • Three phytohormones (ABA, GIBB, KIN) were tested on T. gondii-infected HFF cell cultures.
  • Experiments were conducted in typical supplemented cell culture media to mimic physiological conditions.

Main Results:

  • Abscisic acid (ABA) significantly increased T. gondii DNA copies at concentrations of 20 ng/μl and 2 ng/μl.
  • Gibberellic acid (GIBB) demonstrated potential as a T. gondii growth inhibitor, with effects dependent on culture medium composition.
  • Kinetin (KIN) effects were not explicitly detailed but were part of the tested phytohormones.

Conclusions:

  • Abscisic acid (ABA) promotes T. gondii replication in host cells under specific conditions.
  • Gibberellic acid (GIBB) warrants further investigation as a potential therapeutic agent against toxoplasmosis.
  • Phytohormone interactions with host-parasite systems offer novel avenues for understanding and treating parasitic infections.