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Landscape, Evidence, Gaps, and Opportunities in Digital Mental Health Interventions for Older Adults: Scoping Review.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 16, 2025

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Web-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Depression Among Homebound Older Adults: Development and Usability Study.

Xiaoling Xiang1, Jay Kayser1, Samson Ash1

  • 1School of Social Work, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.

JMIR Aging
|September 19, 2023
PubMed
Summary

A new web-based intervention, Empower@Home, was developed for homebound older adults with depression. Usability studies showed it was preferred and easier to use than similar programs, indicating potential for improved mental health access.

Keywords:
CBTagingcognitive behavioral therapycommunitycommunity-engaged researchdepressiondesigndevelopmentdigital healthdigital mental healthgeriatricgeriatric depressiongeriatricsinternetinternet-based cognitive behavioral therapymental healthold ageolder adultolder adultspsychotherapyusabilityuser centered designweb-basedweb-based health

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Digital Health
  • Mental Health Interventions

Background:

  • Homebound older adults are a vulnerable population at high risk for depression.
  • Barriers to accessing traditional mental health services are prevalent in this demographic.
  • Existing digital interventions often lack specific tailoring for older adults with depression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the development of Empower@Home, a web-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy intervention for homebound older adults with depression.
  • To report on the usability and user experience of the Empower@Home intervention.

Main Methods:

  • User-centered design principles guided development, incorporating community stakeholder and older adult input.
  • Needs assessment involved data analysis and interviews with community partners.
  • Comparative usability testing (N=10) and field testing (n=4) evaluated the intervention's ease of use and user acceptance.

Main Results:

  • Empower@Home, featuring 9 sessions with psychoeducation and CBT skills, was developed with significant community partner input.
  • Comparative usability testing yielded a high System Usability Scale score (78), with 80% of participants preferring Empower@Home over comparators.
  • Field testing indicated positive user experience, confidence in task completion, and a downward trend in depression scores.

Conclusions:

  • Collaborative design with community stakeholders is crucial for developing usable and engaging digital mental health tools.
  • Addressing implementation challenges during design enhances the potential effectiveness of digital interventions for older adults.