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Hypotension and cognitive impairment among the elderly: Evidence from the CLHLS

Xidi Zhu1,2, Zhicheng Luo1, Gang Tian1

  • 1Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China.

Plos One
|September 19, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Hypotension, or low blood pressure, is linked to cognitive impairment in Chinese seniors. Managing blood pressure may help prevent cognitive decline in this population.

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Neurology
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • High blood pressure's link to cognitive decline is established.
  • The association between low blood pressure (hypotension) and cognitive impairment remains understudied, particularly in older populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of hypotension and cognitive impairment among Chinese seniors.
  • To investigate the relationship between hypotension and cognitive function in this demographic.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the 2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS).
  • Measured systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) objectively.
  • Assessed cognitive impairment using the Chinese Mini-Mental State Examination (CMMSE).
  • Employed generalized linear models to analyze the association between hypotension and cognitive impairment.

Main Results:

  • Prevalence rates were 0.76% for hypotension and 22.06% for cognitive impairment in Chinese elderly.
  • Hypotension, lower SBP, and lower DBP were associated with increased odds of cognitive impairment (ORs 1.62, 1.38, 1.48, respectively).
  • CMMSE scores were significantly lower in individuals with hypotension and lower blood pressure levels.
  • The association was stronger in those with decreased activities of daily living, and a nonlinear dose-response relationship was observed.

Conclusions:

  • Hypotension presents a potential risk factor for cognitive impairment in Chinese elderly.
  • Individuals with decreased daily living activities and hypotension are particularly vulnerable.
  • Recommendations include implementing blood pressure management strategies to mitigate cognitive decline.
Abstract

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