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Related Concept Videos

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In fluid mechanics, buoyancy and stability are key concepts for understanding the behavior of submerged and floating bodies. When a stationary body is fully or partially submerged in a fluid, the fluid exerts a force on the body known as the buoyant force. This force acts vertically upward through a point called the center of buoyancy, which is the center of the displaced fluid volume. According to Archimedes' principle, the magnitude of the buoyant force is equal to the weight of the fluid...
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When an object is placed in a fluid, it either floats or sinks. All objects in a fluid experience a buoyant force. For example, a metal ball sinks, while a rubber ball floats. Similarly, a submarine can sink and float by adjusting its buoyancy.  The concept of buoyancy raises several interesting questions. For instance, where does this buoyant force come from? How much buoyant force is required to make an object sink or float? Do objects that sink get any support at all from the...
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When a lump of clay is dropped into water, it sinks. But if the same lump of clay is molded into the shape of a boat, it starts to float. Because of its shape, the clay boat displaces more water than the lump and experiences a greater buoyant force, even though its mass is the same. The same holds true for steel ships. The average density of an object majorly determines if the object will float. If an object's average density is less than that of the surrounding fluid, it will float. The...
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When a fluid is in constant acceleration, the pressure and buoyant force equations are modified. Suppose a beaker is placed in an elevator accelerating upward with a constant acceleration, a. In the beaker, assume there is a thin cylinder of height h with an infinitesimal cross-sectional area, ΔS.
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Excess Pressure Inside a Drop and a Bubble01:13

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The shape of a small drop of liquid can be considered spherical, neglecting the effect of gravity. This drop can further be considered as two equal hemispherical drops put together due to surface tension. The forces acting on the spherical drop are due to the pressure of the liquid inside the drop, the pressure due to air outside the drop, and the force due to the surface tension acting on the two hemispherical drops.
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Archimedes' principle is fundamental in analyzing the buoyant force and stability of floating bodies. In this example, a wooden block with a rectangular section floats in seawater. Based on the block's dimensions, its specific gravity and the specific weight of seawater are used to find the volume of water displaced and the center of buoyancy.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 16, 2025

Impacts of Free-falling Spheres on a Deep Liquid Pool with Altered Fluid and Impactor Surface Conditions
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Launching a Drop via Interplay of Buoyancy and Stick-Jump Dissolution.

Binglin Zeng1, Haichang Yang1,2, Ben Bin Xu3

  • 1Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 1H9, Canada.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|September 19, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A dissolving polymer solution drop rises in water only after shrinking significantly, defying typical buoyancy principles. This phenomenon is driven by stick-jump dissolution dynamics and sufficient buoyancy force for programmable drop movement.

Keywords:
drop detachmenton-drop reactionphase separationstick-jump dissolution

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Area of Science:

  • Physical Chemistry
  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Archimedes' principle typically dictates that buoyancy is dependent on object size and density relative to the fluid.
  • Dissolving objects in solutions can exhibit complex behaviors influenced by chemical reactions and fluid interactions.
  • Understanding drop dynamics is crucial for applications in microfluidics and material processing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate a novel phenomenon of a dissolving drop exhibiting delayed rise in an aqueous acid solution.
  • To elucidate the key physical mechanisms governing the spontaneous upward movement of a dissolving drop.
  • To explore the potential of this programmable drop rise for microscale engineering applications.

Main Methods:

  • Observation and analysis of a dissolving polymer solution drop on a substrate in an aqueous acid medium.
  • Characterization of drop dissolution, microdroplet formation, and interaction with the surrounding fluid.
  • Identification of critical factors, including stick-jump behavior and Archimedean number, influencing drop dynamics.

Main Results:

  • A dissolving drop rises only after reaching a significantly smaller size, contrary to expected buoyancy behavior.
  • The drop rise is initiated by a combination of stick-jump dissolution and sufficient buoyancy force (Archimedean number > 1).
  • The timing of the drop rise is controllable by the initial drop size and its chemical reaction rate.

Conclusions:

  • A new mechanism for programmable drop rise has been discovered, driven by chemical dissolution and fluid dynamics.
  • This phenomenon offers a novel method for controlled movement of microscale objects in dense media.
  • Potential applications include microfluidics, microrobotics, and device engineering, utilizing spontaneous drop detachment.